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Overview

Giant cell tumor of the bone (GCTOB), also known as osteoclastoma, is a relatively uncommon tumor of the bone. It is characterized by the presence of multinucleated giant cells (osteoclast-like cells). It typically arises from the metaphysis of long bones, extends into the epiphysis adjacent to the joint surface, and has a narrow zone of transition. Although giant cell tumors are not cancerous, they are aggressive and can destroy the surrounding bone.

Symptom

Patients usually present with pain and limited range of motion caused by tumor's proximity to the joint space. Swelling may occur, as well, if the tumor has been growing for a long time. Some patients may be asymptomatic until they develop a pathologic fracture at the site of the tumor. They usually originate from the epiphysis of long bones, but in rare cases, they may arise from anterior arc of the ribs.