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Network bridges are fundamental devices in computer networking that connect two or more local area networks (LANs) to create a single, unified network. Operating at the data link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model, bridges filter traffic, reduce collisions, and enhance communication efficiency by segmenting networks intelligently.

How Network Bridges Work
A network bridge monitors incoming data packets on a LAN and decides whether to forward or filter them based on MAC addresses. If the destination device is on the same segment as the source, the bridge blocks the traffic from crossing over to other segments. This selective forwarding helps reduce unnecessary data traffic, thus improving network performance and decreasing congestion.

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